PIP breast implants scandal

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This first cross-sectional reconstruction is followed by the analysis of two case studies - standards for health and tourism services - from which the author tries to bring out the distinctive elements and specific problems of service standardization. In the fourth chapter, the author examines the bases, reasons, resistances and outcomes of two European standards in the field of health services, basing the analysis on qualitative data derived from a series of interviews with members of technical committees and representatives of standardization bodies,

At national and European level. The fifth chapter is dedicated to standardization in the field of tourism services. In both cases, the author highlights a substantial lack of legitimacy and representativeness of such attempts at standardization, which buy phone number list therefore encounter opposition from professional associations in both sectors, with a consequent lack of impact on the legal relations between doctor and patient in one case, and providers of tourism services and customers, in the other.

A more specific assessment of the actual penetration of the European standards examined into law is offered in the sixth chapter. On the one hand, the author examines the value of European standards in contract law, in its multiple forms and degrees of impact, using as a point of reference the series of proceedings originated in recent years by the so-called “  ”. On the other hand, the determination of liability for damages is framed as a possible point of contact between law and standardization, in a relationship in which the latter would exercise a harmonizing (converging) action on the former. Added to this is an interesting analysis of the possible frictions between European standards in the field of services and the directive on unfair terms in consumer contracts. Appropriately, these theoretical considerations are accompanied by empirical assessments, which seem to suggest the poor practical application of standards in the current dynamics of the services market, in contrast with what happens in the case of – much more supported at an institutional level – standards for products.